藝術治療 vs 表達性藝術治療：以手掌例子 Art Therapy vs Expressive Arts Therapy: Hand Drawing as an Example

藝術治療的角度

藝術治療主要是透過「藝術作品」來理解案主的內心狀態。如果個案畫了一隻手掌，藝術治療師可能會著重在以下幾個層面進行分析與詮釋：

1. 手掌的象徵意義：手代表「與外界的互動」，也可能象徵「掌控感」、「工作能力」、「人際接觸」。

2. 表現方式：大小、線條、完整度等，反映力量感、自我狀態或張力。

3. 色彩與細節：顏色及圖案暗示案主賦予手掌的「故事」。

在藝術治療裡，這些觀察成為理解案主心理狀態的基礎，並與案主討論感受。

表達性藝術治療的角度

表達性藝術治療強調「作品成為對話與體驗的媒介」，而非單純分析。當個案畫了一隻手掌，治療師可能會引導案主與手掌互動：

1. 邀請對話：例如「這隻手想要告訴你什麼？」、「它最想觸碰或推開什麼？」。

2. 多模態延伸：用聲音、動作、文字或即興表演來表達手掌的狀態。

3. 內在連結：讓案主看見這隻手象徵內心某部分（保護、渴望、無力伸出）。

在表達性藝術治療裡，焦點不是分析，而是讓作品帶領案主與自我對話，開啟探索與整合。

From the Perspective of Art Therapy

Art therapy primarily focuses on understanding the client’s inner state through their artwork. If a client draws a hand, the art therapist may focus on the following aspects for analysis and interpretation:

1. Symbolic Meaning: The hand represents “interaction with the outside world,” and may symbolize “a sense of control,” “working ability,” or “connection.”

2. Form of Expression: Size, lines, completeness — reflecting strength, self-

state, or tension.

3. Colors and Details: Colors and patterns may suggest the “story” given to the hand.

In art therapy, these observations for the basis for understanding the client’s psychological state and discussing their feelings about the artwork.

From the Perspective of Expressive Arts Therapy

Expressive arts therapy emphasizes “the artwork becoming a medium for dialogue and experience,” rather than mere analysis. When a client draws a hand, the therapist may guide the client to interact with it:

1. Invitation to Dialogue: e.g., “What does this hand want to tell you?” “What does it want to touch or push away?”

2. Multi-Modal Extensions: Express the hand’s state through voice, movement, writing, or improvisation.

3. Inner Connection: Help the client see that the hand may symbolize an inner part protective, yearning, or unable to reach out).

In expressive arts therapy, the focus is not on analysis but on letting the artwork lead the client into self-dialogue, opening exploration and integration.